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SvedeTis ekonomika

SvedeTis ekonomika eqsportze orientirebulia, romelSic Tanamedrove sistemis SesaniSnavi Siga da gare komunikaciebi da maRalkvalificiuri muSaxeli erTiandeba. xe-tyis masala, hidroenergia da rkinis madani warmoadgens ekonomikis saresurso bazas, romelic orientirebulia sagareo vaWrobaze. SvedeTis sainJinro seqtoris 50% iTvlis produqciasa da eqsports. satelekomunikacio da saavtomobilo industria da farmacevtuli mrewveloba aseve mniSvnelovania qveynis ekonomikaSi. dasaqmebis bazisa da mSp-is 2% soflis meurneobas uWiravs. Semosavlebi SedarebiT mtkiced nawildeba. SvedeTs yvelaze dabali Gini-s koeficienti aqvs (0.23), rac niSnavs , rom TiTqmis yvelas msgavsi Semosavlebi aqvs.

struqturis TvalsazrisiT, SvedeTis ekonomika xasiaTdeba didi, intensiur codnasa da eqsportze orientirebuli warmoebis seqtoriT da zrdadi, Tumca SedarebiT patara, biznes momsaxurebis seqtoriT da aseve saerTaSoriso standartebis mqone sazogadoebrivi momsaxurebis seqtoriT. SvedeTis ekonomikaSi rogorc warmoebis, ise momsaxurebis sferos bevri didi saerTaSoriso organizacia dominirebs.

SvedeTSi registrirebuli 20 yvelaze didi kompania: Volvo, Ericsson, Vattenfall, Skanska, Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications AB, Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget, Electrolux, Volvo Personvagnar, TeliaSonera, Sandvik, Scania, ICA, Hennes & Mauritz, IKEA, Nordea, Preem, Atlas Copco, Securitas, Nordstjernan  da SKF. SvedeTis mrewveloba mkacr pirad kontrolSia, gansxvavebiT sxva industrializebuli dasavleTis qveynebisa, rogorebicaa avstria da italia. sajaro sakuTrebaSi arsebuli sawarmoebs yovelTvis mcire mniSvneloba eniWeboda.

SvedeTis 4.5 milioni mcxovrebi muSaobs, saidanac TiTqmis mesameds umaRlesi ganaTleba aqvs. 2009 wels SvedeTi me-12 adgilze iyo saaTobrivi anazRaurebi mixedviT-saaTSi 50 aSS dolari. Tumca es maCvenebeli ekonomikis zrdasTan erTad imatebs 2,5 %-iT da vaWrobis TvalsazrisiT dabalansebuli produqtiulobis zrda 2%-s Seadgens. ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciis mixedviT, deregulaciis, globalizaciisa da teqnologiuri seqtorebi gaxda produqtiulobis zrdis wamyvani faqtori. SvedeTi lideria msoflioSi privatizebuli pensiebis mxriv da sapensio dafinansebis problemebi SedarebiT mcirea sxva dasavleT evropis qveynebTan SedarebiT.

tipiuri muSaki Tavisi Semosavlis 40%-s dabegvris specialuri formiT iRebs. saerTo dabegvra nel-nela mcirdeba, rac amerikasa da irlandiaSi jer kidev ormagia. SvedeTis samuSao Zalis mesamedis Semosavlebi swored dabegvris gziT finansdeba, rac arsebiTad gansxvavdeba sxva maravali qveynisgan. saerTod, mSp 1990-iani wlebis reformebis Sedegad swrafad izrdeba, gansakuTrebiT mrewvelobaSi.

2009-2010 msoflio ekonomikur forumze SvedeTma msoflioSi me-4 adgili daikava yvelaze konkurentunariani ekonomikis mixedviT. Tumca, 2010-2011 wlis msoflio ekonomikur forumze SvedeTma ori poziciiT win gadainacvla da amJamad me-2 pozicia uWiravs. 2009 wels SvedeTma me-6 adgili daikava kerZo seqtoris efeqturobis mxriv. amerikeli ekonomistis, torontos universitetis profesor, riCard floridas wignis “SemoqmedebiTi klasis frena” mixedviT, SvedeTi dasaxelebulia biznesis kreatiulobis mxriv saukeTesod evropaSi da varaudoben, rom msoflios Zalian bevri mizandasaxuli muSakisaTvis magniti iqneba es qveyana. indeqsi, romlis mixedviTac avtorma es pozicia mianiWa SvedeTs, gamoiTvala Semdegi 3 komponentis mixedviT: niWiereba, teqnologia da tolerantuloba.

SvedeTi inarCunebs sakuTar valutas-Svedur krons, rac imis Sedegia, rom referendumSi uaryo evro. SvedeTis Riksbank-i, romelic 1668 welsaa daarsebuli da erT-erTi uZvelesi msoflio bankia, kvlav orientirebulia fasebis stabilurobaze 2%-iani inflaciis drosac. 2007 wlis SvedeTis ekonomikuri angariSis mixedviT, romelic ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizaciam warmoadgina, 1990-iani wlebis Sua periodidan SvedeTs erT-erTi yvelaze dabali inflacia hqonda evropis sxva qveynebTan SedarebiT, rac deregulaciisa da globalizaciis swrafi utilizaciis Sedegia.

albaT, dagebadebaT kiTxva: ratom maincdamainc SvedeTis ekonomika? skandinaviis qveynebis SeswavliT didi xania dainteresebuli var, kerZoT, maTi ekonomikebis,radgan vTvli,rom  erT-erTi saswavlo kursis gavlis dros momixda SvedeTis, rogorc zogadad qveynis Seswavla da ufro metad davinteresdi misi ekonomikis SeswavliT. axla ki saWirod vTvli, rom gavacno SvedeTis ekonomikis zogadi suraTi maT, vinc aseve dainteresebulni arian skandinaviis qveynebis SeswavliT. SemdgomSi, norvegiisa da fineTis ekonomikebzec mogaxsenebT. 

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